Income and Disposable Income Essay Example for Free

Pay and Disposable Income Essay Pay will mean money pay before charges, and will incorporate government move installments, for example, joblessness protection benefits, family remittance installments, annuities, government assistance help, and so forth. Discretionary cashflow explicitly centers around the measure of pay accessible for private utilization and spending. Extra cash contemplates the truth that salary is vigorously affected by net pay, yet in addition by variables, for example, government move levels, tax collection levels, and expansion. Extra cash is characterized in two different ways: * Income after government and common personal charges * Income after assessments, work protection and Canada Pension Plan Optional Income is Disposable Income after derivations for fundamental necessities, for example, food, garments, cover, transportation, human services, individual consideration, and so forth. Life-Cycle State individuals change the products and ventures they purchase over their lifetimes. Purchasing is likewise formed by the phase of the family life cycle-the phases through which families may ignore as they develop time. Advertisers regularly characterize their objective markets regarding life-cycle arrange and create proper items and showcasing plans. By and large, genuine extra cash has developed at a moderate pace of 0.05% from 1980 to 1998. This changes from 0.32% for a group of 2 guardians with youngsters, 0.14% for financial groups of 2 people or increasingly, 0.09% for old families to 0.31% for solitary parent families. These figures have improved in the course of the most recent 3 years. In 2000, genuine discretionary cashflow per capita developed 2.7%, its most grounded development rate in longer than 10 years. The above diagram shows the rate change in expansion balanced livelihoods of families with youngsters for the most reduced fifth of families to those in the top fifth of family wages from the late 1970s to 1997. It tends to be seen that for the most minimal fifth of families genuine wages fell 21% during recent decades, while salaries for the most elevated fifth expanded 30%. That is a serious swing. Further, the graph appears for the center fifth of family livelihoods their present expansion balanced salary is about 3% under 2 decades prior. That is straightforward as can be. No big surprise family sparing fell while family unit obligation proportions took off. Take a gander at this graph. The top family workers expanded salary 30% above expansion in those 2 decades. In any case, if perceive that 30% genuine pay development more than 2 decades is nevertheless 1.16% normal every year intensified above swelling, it isn't so incredible, particularly contrasted with all normal family wages expanding at a yearly pace of 3-4% above expansion before 1970, most with one worker for every family. As such, this outline proposed that the top family workers since the 1970s exacerbated out than did all average family wages before 1970. Obviously the least fortunate fifth saw their genuine family pay drop 21% recent years or about 1.12% every year beneath expansion rates. This shows how sensational long haul suggestions can be, simply 2% every year isolating top and lower workers and how much less fortunate is complete family salary execution currently contrasted with previously. The advertisers can utilize these insights to gauge the future pattern of individuals purchasing conduct. So as to grow new advances or sell techniques, these measurements would assist advertiser with deciding what they need to change to acquire benefits.

The Ideas of Women Status between Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill

Presentation The women's activist development since its soonest times has been set apart with differing points of view, positions and contentions. By and by, these varieties ought to be reasonable, particularly when deciphered inside the specific situations (both in existence) that propelled them. Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stewart Mill speak to various occasions in the advancement of women’s rights movement.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Ideas of Women Status between Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill Wollstonecraft and Mill share a typical undertaking, specifically, the support for additional rights for ladies. That backing starts in conceding that ladies are dealt with uniquely in contrast to men. All things considered, as their papers appear, there are contrasts in their promotions that mirror certain relevant contrasts of their occasions. In A Vindication of the Rights of Women, Wollstonecraft makes her contention dependent on the issues of ethics and ideals. For her, one is viewed as good and idealistic on the off chance that they play out their assignments appropriately. In any case, this dedication to undertakings can possibly happen if all individuals (people) are equivalent, which is achieved through training. She composes: â€Å"There must be greater balance set up in the public arena, or ethical quality will never make progress, and this prudent correspondence won't rest firmly†¦ in the event that one portion of humankind [is] tied to its base by fate† (Wollstonecraft 802). On the off chance that, for example, a lady gave more consideration to what men think about her looks, at that point she is bombing in her ethical commitment since she is occupied from her job, herself. She contends that every single lady ought to obtain appropriate training as the best way to pick up regard, just as the opportuni ty to pick the degree of her freedom. Wollstonecraft’s perspective on instruction for ladies is not the same as what Rousseau sees it to be (as women’s endeavor to transcend men). For her, the reason for instruction isn't to give ladies control over men, however over themselves. Ladies achieve opportunity when they begin to see themselves from the perspective of oneself, and not the other (spoke to by men, for this situation). She composes: â€Å"It is vain to expect righteousness from ladies till they are, in some degree, free of men; nay, it is vain to anticipate that quality of characteristic love, which would make them great spouses and great mothers† (Wollstonecraft 804). A lady who isn't instructed sees herself from the viewpoint of men. Accordingly, being aware of that manly viewpoint, she becomes â€Å"cunning, mean, and selfish† (805)- either in defiance to or love for that view.Advertising Looking for exposition on sex considers? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unmistakably, Wollstonecraft’s contentions embrace a traditionalist point of view. To her, a definitive reason for instruction for ladies isn't for them to transcend their local predicament. Or maybe, instruction would improve them prepared to be spouses and bear kids not for work, casting a ballot rights, and property possession, among others. Training would make ladies far superior good figures. Accordingly, by just getting instruction, whether or not they stay in a similar situation as they already were in, ladies are liberated. We can, in this way, gather Wollstonecraft, in her support, despite everything accepts that the residential setting is the woman’s place. Her objective isn't to split away from that residential cycle, however maybe to give it better status and name and, subsequently, inspire the status of ladies. To Wollstonecraft, the contrasts among people, just as their places in th e public eye, are both significant and ought to be perceived all things considered. For whatever length of time that ladies get that acknowledgment, for Wollstonecraft, they have achieved balance. John Stuart Mill’s contentions, obviously, come from the establishment previously laid by any semblance of Wollstonecraft. It is just expected that both Wollstonecraft and Mill share the fundamental assignment of pushing for additional rights for ladies. In any case, the extents of their backings are extraordinary. Plant, in contrast to Wollstonecraft, expects to give ladies the option to go into fields up to this point known to have a place with men. Factory looks at the subjection of ladies from the lawful measurement, that is, the manner by which the lawful framework (counting the constitution) helps this subjection. However, that legitimate framework, he contends, is just the consequence of a social rule that â€Å"regulates the current social relations between the two sexesâ⠂¬  (Mill 819). As it were, there is an inborn component of society that makes the subjection of ladies normal and, hence, for the most part acknowledged. This, he says, prevents human improvement. The motivation behind his paper is to go about as a mouthpiece for what he terms as â€Å"perfect equality† (Mill 819); a level of influence where no side is given control over the other. By ‘perfect equality’, Mill implies that ladies ought to have equivalent rights as men in all features of life, for example, occupation, government and marriage. Plant, in this manner, presents the part of cultural structure (of which the lawful framework is part). He presents his contentions by looking at the job of nature and sustain. He addresses the idea of ‘nature’ as utilized in the general public to legitimize the situation of ladies. To him, what is viewed as women’s nature is really what the general public has sustained them to be.Advertising We will comp ose a custom paper test on The Ideas of Women Status between Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The general public has never given ladies much room and opportunity to investigate what their temperament truly is. Or maybe, by putting and administering ladies inside the structure of the prevailing male centric mind, society has supported the lady into what she is. Basically, the contrasts among people are the results of the general public as opposed to the consequence of nature. The arrangement, to him, is found in opening space for ladies to investigate further the constraints of their tendency. As a proof of how much ladies can accomplish he says: â€Å"We know how little various ruling sovereigns history presents, in examination with that of rulers. Of this more modest number a far bigger extent have indicated gifts for rule† (Mill 823). The distinctions in scope between the positions held by Wollstonecraft and Mil l are results of setting and, in this way, reasonable. Plus, as the women's activist development has advanced throughout the years, the voices of promotion have progressively pushed for additional rights. In this manner, it is reasonable that Wollstonecraft’s contentions are increasingly moderate in character that training for the housewife is sufficient for her. She is the result of a setting that, maybe, can't allow more, and she needs to remain inside that context’s potential outcomes. Factory gets this. He is himself the result of a setting that is starting to open up to all the more new thoughts. In this way, instruction as such isn't sufficient for him. To proclaim another attitude with respect to social sex relations, Mills accepts society must contact new skylines. In this regard, the foundations of the general public, for example, the lawful framework, ought not meddle with the characteristic social set-up by favoring one side. Taking everything into account, this paper doesn't deplete the issues that the two creators investigate in their papers. All things considered, it investigates the focal subjects in the two articles. Wollstonecraft considers instruction to be sufficient. Factory requests substantially more. At long last, the two of them perceive the unfavorable predicament of the womenfolk and require their ‘freedom’-any circumstance superior to the present. Works Cited Mill, John S. The Subjection of Women, New York: D. Appleton Co., 1869. Print.Advertising Searching for exposition on sexual orientation considers? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Wollstonecraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, London: Joseph Johnson, 1792. Print. This article on The Ideas of Women Status between Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill was composed and put together by client Layla Pope to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Blog Archive Professor Profiles Eric Sussman, UCLA Anderson

Blog Archive Professor Profiles Eric Sussman, UCLA Anderson Many MBA applicants feel that they are purchasing a brand when they choose a business school. However, the educational experience you will have is what is crucial to your future, and no one will affect your education more than your professors. Today, we focus on  Eric Sussman from UCLA Anderson. Eric Sussman is an adjunct professor in Anderson’s accounting department and also serves as president of Amber Capital, a real estate investment company. He has been voted Teacher of the Year 13 times by Anderson students and received the Citibank Teaching Award in 1998 and the Neidorf Decade Teaching Award in 2008â€"both honors decided by a faculty committee. In addition, in 2009, Sussman won the Teaching Excellence Award in the full-time MBA program, which is decided by a vote of second-year students. In 2015, he received the University-Wide Distinguished Teacher Award. Sussman has also been recognized by Bloomberg Businessweek as one of Anderson’s Outstanding Faculty members each year since 1996, and in 2011, the publication named Sussman one of the Top Ten Most Popular Business School Professors. In addition to his work in the classroom, Sussman created Insight FSA, a software tool that measures and evaluates the financial accounting and corporate reporting risk for public companies via Edgar Online. A second-year student blogger at Anderson described Sussman in a 2010 post as “one of what I call the five rock-star professors here,” and a first year we interviewed stated that Sussman “has an outstanding reputation at the school.” An alumnus we spoke with who had taken Sussman’s “Corporate Financial Reporting” class agreed: “[Sussman is] probably the best professor at Anderson in my eyes and to a lot of other students,” the alumnus said, continuing, “Professor Sussman is also incredibly flexible when it comes to helping students. If you need the help, he will find a way to make time for you no matter your level. He truly was a passionate practitioner who invested so much in the students and school. People like him make Anderson exceptional.” For more information about UCLA Anderson and 16 other top-ranked business schools, check out our free mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Professor Profiles University of California Los Angeles (Anderson)

Marx And Engels An Old Meeting Place Of Voltaire And...

In August of 1844, 26-year-old Karl Marx and 23-year-old Friedrich Engels met in Paris for an aperitif at the Cafà © de la Regence – an old meeting place of Voltaire and Diderot. Their ensuing discourse lasted ten intense days and resulted in a lifelong friendship. This transformative relationship is evident in the publishing of The Communist Manifesto in 1848, during a period of widespread European revolution. Although Marx and Engels agreed that revolution was justified to create a communist society, their difference of opinion on how that revolution should occur is compelling. Marx believed that even if the revolution occurred in just one factory district, as with the 1844 weavers’ revolt in Silesia, it would start a chain reaction that would threaten the entire state. Conversely, while observing the nineteenth-century revolutions such as the Paris Commune, Engels’ promulgated revolution through more controversial guerilla warfare tactics. From 1917 to th e fall of communism in Eastern Europe in 1989, the writings of Marx and Engels inspired several violent uprisings throughout Europe and Asia, seeking to create a â€Å"dictatorship of the proletariat.† Since Marx deferred to Engels on military matters in their literary works, the question becomes â€Å"Did Engels influence over Marx lead to the adulterated twentieth-century version of communism in countries such as North Korea, Vietnam and Soviet Union?† Karl Marx’s writings prior to befriending Freidrich Engels center on the

GHOST STORIES retold by Rosemary Border - 1590 Words

COMPULSORY READING Ghost Stories RETOLD BY Rosemary Border ABOUT THE AUTHORS: A. M. BURRAGE Alfred McLellan Burrage (1889-1956) was a well-known English novelist. He enjoyed writing about ghosts and horror, and produced two novels and many short stories in this genre. Smee comes from his collection entitled Someone in the Room. BRAM STOKER Stoker (1847-1912) has been called one of the least-known authors of the one of the best-known books. As a child, he enjoyed listening to and writing ghost stories, and predicted that one day his writing would make him famous. He worked as a lawyer, editor, and theatre manager, and wrote novels, short stories and non-fiction. His most famous work is Dracula, which has appeared†¦show more content†¦After a time the others go off to search for Smee-but they dont know who are they looking for. When one player meets another he challenges him by saying Smee. The other player answers Smee, and they continue searching. But the real Smee doesnt answer when someone challenges. The second player stays quietly beside him. This goes until all the players are in the same place. The last one to find Smee has to pay forfeit. So they started to play. It was good, noisy and amusing game. After some time, and some uncomfortable events (Mr. Sangston counted 13 people although there were only 12 people in the house, Mrs. Sangston thought that while they were all sitting on the stairs that there was person sitting behind her but no one was there, their son - Reggie touched somebodys cold hand in the dark and later found out that there is no one beside him) the fun had gone out of the game. They all started to play the game again, but they were no longer enjoying it. While T. Jackson was looking for the Smee he bumped into a pair of human knees and touched womans arm, he challenged her, and recieved no answer. Then he asked her about her name and she whispered: Brenda Ford. Soon Mrs Gorman joined them and she and Mr. Jackson started talking. After a while came Reggie looking for them saying that hes been looking for them two. They said how is that possible if Smee is with them, and Reggie

Othellos Tragic Flaws - 746 Words

Othello’s tragic flaws Rodrigo Diaz 5/13/14 William Shakespeare wrote many plays in the 1600’s, lots of them were tragedies. William Shakespeare’s plays often had the downfall of a hero in it. In the play Othello: the tragic hero, Othello who is a larger than life character has earned a high rank in life as well as the military. He is a much respected man even though he is black. And has married a white woman named Desdemona. But when he makes the decision to make Casio Lieutenant instead of Iago, Iago makes a plan to destroy Othello’s life completely. Iago convinces Othello that Desdemona is not being faithful and is cheating on him with Casio, which eventually leads to Othello’s and Desdemona’s demise. This is mostly due to Othello’s character flaws and not as much as the outside forces. If Othello didn’t have poor judgment and wasn’t so angry, jealous and suspicious of others betraying him he would have talked to Desd emona first rather than jumping straight to conclusions like he did. In the play, Othello is a larger than life character. He is a well-respected general in the army and had earned himself a high place in society. He was known throughout Venice. He is also noble and virtuous. He seems like the perfect character, but he is not. A big flaw of Othello’s may be even his biggest flaw, is how much trust he puts in Iago. He trusts him so much throughout the play Iago seems honest and often scared to tell Othello bad news. When the whole time Iago isShow MoreRelatedOthellos Tragic Flaw Essays1208 Words   |  5 Pagesby becoming a military general. In the military Othello meets Cassio and Iago, he chooses Cassio as his lieutenant which upsets Iago. The promotion of Cassio begins to show jealousy in the play. Even though Othello is not a ruler in Venice, his tragic flaws are jealousy and gullibility, therefore Othello is easily manipulated by Iago because Othello feels the need to be accepted. Iago plans to revenge Othello for not choosing him to become lieutenant, and knowing that Othello is easily deceived makesRead MoreEssay on Othellos Tragic Flaw852 Words   |  4 PagesShakespearean tragic heroes by the absolute feeling of affection the audience feels for him even unto the very end of the play. Any discerning reader painfully recognizes the virtue and goodness of Othello throughout the entire play, in contrast to the general degeneration of character so typical of a tragic hero. It is this complete pity that makes the death of Othello so tragic as the audience lends their full hopeful support until the inevitable and unavoidable fall. The evil side of Othello’s tragicRead MoreOthellos Tragic Flaw Essay example1082 Words   |  5 PagesOthellos Tragic Flaw The extravagant language and literary techniques used in Shakespeares Othello enhance the settings, characters, and themes. Othello, an intricate tragedy about good versus evil, loyalty, love, sexual jealousy, and appearance versus reality, is told in a first person point of view. The play is entitled Othello and the plot and action encompasses him, thus supporting his position of protagonist. The play takes place during the Renaissance in VeniceRead MoreEssay about Othellos Tragic Flaws983 Words   |  4 PagesCreek, once commented that, â€Å"like all great romantics, Shakespeare realized love was a lot more likely to end with a bunch of dead Danish people than with a kiss†(Americans on the Bard). This emphasizes how easily people can relate Shakespeare to tragic love. Although he did write many poems and plays with happy endings, his tragedies stand out the most. In these tragedies, people are often led through use of misconception, trickery, or both. An example of misconception can be shown by another ofRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1134 Words   |  5 PagesIn Shakespeare’s play Othello, there is love, jealousy, death and of course, a tragic hero. A tragic hero is one who experiences an inner struggle due to some flaw within his/her character; that struggle results in the fall of a hero. According to Aristotle, â€Å"A tragic hero is a c haracter who is not eminently good and just, yet whose misfortune is brought about not by vice and depravity, but by some error or frailty†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Aristotle, Poetics). Othello is an intricate play that dwells into the privateRead MoreEssay The Tragedy of Othello1292 Words   |  6 Pagesexample of a tragic hero. Shakespeare was influenced by Aristotle’s concept of a tragic hero and used Aristotle’s principles to create Othello. William Shakespeare attempted to create an Aristotelian tragedy play with a tragic hero and succeeded in Othello, the Moor of Venice by weaving in pity and fear into each line and action. The power of pity and fear creates the upmost tragic situation and follows in accordance of Aristotle’s definition of tragedy. Othello makes the ultimate act as a tragic hero byRead MoreA Comparative of Shakespeares Othello and Oedipus Rex1511 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparative of Shakespeare’s Othello and Oedipus Rex In Shakespeare’s work Othello: The Moor of Venice, Othello’s over trusting nature was revealed when his trust in false accusations about his wife Desdemona’s unfaithfulness causes him to kill her and himself, conveying Othello as a tragic hero. Oedipus, the main character in Oedipus Rex, is characterized as a tragic hero when he tries to run away from his fate and finds out that the cause of his fate was his attempt to escape it. Oedipus RexRead MoreTragedy In Shakespeares Othello1519 Words   |  7 Pagesthe tragic hero of the play that drives the narrative rather than Machiavellian Iago. Audiences are attentive in the protagonist being caught in a crisis situation where an error is made through judgement or action. Shakespeare uses this idea by adapting Aristotles view on hamartia and applying it to his play Othello. Aristotle’s Hamartia is an incident in the plot this is often translated as the tragic flaw. The tragic flaw is what captivates the audience to further reflect on Othello’s characterRead MoreShakespeares Use of Aristotles Guidelines to Tragedy in Creating the Play Othello1572 Words   |  7 Pagesof its ability to bring the viewer into the drama and feel for the characters, especially the tragic hero. This analysis of tragedy was formed by the Greek philosopher Aristotle, and also noted in his Poetics (guidelines to drama). As a playwright, Shakespeare used Aristotle’s guidelines to tragedy when writing Othello. The play that was created revolved around the tragic hero, Othello, whose tragic flaw transformed him from a nobleman, in to a destructive creature, which would inevitably bring himRead MoreThe Mirror Of Weaknesses Of Shakespeare s Othello Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesThe grand tragic play Othello written by Shakespeare illustrates the contradictions in human natures through the display of tragic falls of various characters such as Othello, Iago, and Roderigo. Othello, the protagonist of the play, fell in love with the daughter of a nobleman, Desdemona. However, this relationship is soon broken up because Othello believed the accusation from Iago, Othello’s subordinate, towards Desdemona for having a disloyal relationship with her husband Othello’s lieutenant

Key Differences which Separate Pope from Wordswort Essay Example For Students

Key Differences which Separate Pope from Wordswort Essay hKey Differences Which Separate Pope from WordsworthIn comparing excerpts from Pope’s â€Å"An Essay on Man† and Wordsworth’s â€Å"Prospectus†, I found many similarities and some key differences. Pope’s lean toward the more structured and confined, and Wordsworth’s lean towards the informal and original. These differences are what separate the styles of both poets and make Pope â€Å"regular† or formal and Wordsworth â€Å"irregular† or unique. Both poems are done in iambic pentameter; however, Pope’s is rhymed whereas Wordsworth’s is blank verse. Pope appeared to use an abundance of end-stops, and lacked the personalization that Wordsworth chose by including himself as â€Å"I†. Pope’s usage of 70% caesura and minimal euphemisms indicate that this poem was driven mainly by form. Wordsworth, on the other hand, applied 77% caesura as in the following lines: â€Å"Or elevates the Mind, intent to weigh./ Inviolate retirement, subject there./ Of Mighty Poets; upon me bestow† (1;8,20) (2;87). Wordsworth also pulls me into the content of the poem by using euphemisms in â€Å"Of that intelligence which govers all/ The transitory Being that beheld† (1;22) (2;97) and personification with â€Å"Or from the Soul—an impulse to herself† (1;12). Wordsworth incorporates other strategies for content by including many lines of enjambment. Pope includes parallelism in â€Å"What can we reason, but from what we know?/ From which to reason, or to which refer?† (1;18,20) for a nice balance. Although both seemed to contain a semi-formal diction, Pope’s â€Å"An Essay on Man† leaned a bit towards the formal. He offered a more structured style and confined form with the constant usage of endstops and the lack of personalization, while Wordsworth chose to accentuate by enjambment, euphemisms, and the constant usage of â€Å"I† which promotes uniqueness and originality. Bibliography:

Organizational Structures in Business free essay sample

There are different types of structures which can be used to structure an organisation, some of the ways include: * Functional- employees in the functional structured organisations are usually expected to perform a specialized set of tasks, for example the accounting department would only have accountants as their employees, and this means an increase in production but can also mean a lack of communication between different functional departments which would mean production in a business would be slow and inflexible. A functional structure is best suited to business whose target aim is sell large volumes of goods at low prices. Other departments in this structure include production, finance, marketing and many more. * Divisional- divisional structure is a structure where each organisational function is grouped into a division. All the required resources and functions are contained in each division in a divisional structure. Divisions can be structured into different types, there can be one made on a geographical basis; for example an EU division, or there could be division on a product/service basis; for example variety of products from different householders or companies. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Structures in Business or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like a functional structure a divisional structure may also have different departments such as marketing, sales or finance. * Geographical structure- this is a structure used for businesses which have firms in different geographic regions. This type of structure allows a business’s offices to operate on its own whilst still following the company policies and values. A firm’s location in this type of structure can be local, national or international. Depending on the size of the business, each geographic location may report to an executive who controls several ifferent locations or it may report directly to the top executives who are located at the main office of the business. The reporting structure is based on the size of the organization and its industry. This type of structure is mainly used in industries such as retailing, hotel chains or other large national and international organisations. Manufacturing businesses with firm in different geographical location may c hoose to use this structure. The two businesses I will look at in this assignment and talk about their organisational structure are Tesco and Apple, both huge global businesses. Being such massive businesses it means that it is vital for Tesco and Apple to have an organisational structure within the company. Both the businesses use functional structure within the business and within the structure there are different functional areas, both the businesses also have similar functional areas. The main activities and responsibilities of functional areas within Tesco and Apple are; * Customer Service * Distribution * Finance * Human Resources * ICT * Marketing * Sales * Production * Research and Development The Customer Service function- Customer service employees at Tesco and Apple look after the customers who have questions or complaints regarding Tesco and for Apple regarding the products. Customer service employees need to make sure that all customers are satisfied and happy so, they are trained to handle enquiries and complaints positively and professionally, when customers enquire or complain with customer service they are expected to have a quick, polite an d well-informed reply from the employees. Tesco is a manufactured organisation so therefore they can hire customer service employees to handle all types of questions or complaints and also give detailed advice and information to customers. Apple is also a similar type of organisation and they also need to make sure that there employees are trained well to deal with customer enquiries or complaints to the customers satisfaction otherwise this could lead to customer loss or bad reputation. The Distribution function- The function of the distribution staff is to make sure that all goods are delivered to the right place on time and are in a good condition. The distribution function arranges goods which can be collected, work all the routes for many vehicles, checking that the vehicles are loaded quickly and are safe and secure to go. They also complete delivery forms, plan and schedule vehicle routes, lets employees know when they are meant to deliver goods so that the customers can be aware of it and deal with any problem that o ccurs e. g. eather problems or a breakdown of the vehicle. Tesco is a large international company so therefore they can afford to hire distribution employees who distribute goods to different places, similar to Apple as they are a large company like Tesco meaning they can also afford to hire distribution employees. * The Finance function- Finance staffs are responsible for the money that is spent and earned by Tesco and Apple. This is important because it can help senior mangers keep track of how much profit or loss is being made for each product and what changes to make if there are any losses. The function of a finance staff is very important in a large international business like Tesco and Apple. In Tesco and Apple some types of financial experts that are hired are- management accountants financial accountants Credit controllers. The function of a financial employee is to support the accounts by keeping records, track any late payments and pay for goods or items that the company purchases. * The Human Resources (HR) function- The function of Human Resource staff within Tesco and Apple is to be responsible for employees inside the company. They deal with the workforce, planning, recruitment, training and paying issues. The functions of human resources relate mainly to the employees within Tesco and Apple and can make the job become more successful. Human resources aim to make sure that businesses keep hold of good experienced employees and let go off poor employees. * The ICT function- The function of an ICT staff at Tesco and Apple is to make sure that all Tescos and Apple’s data is stored correctly and efficiently on their systems and make sure that their systems does not fail or fault, make sure that the staff computers are linked towards the customer’s and install any new software which can help the business become more useful to customers. They also purchase any computer supplies e. g. cables or printer cartridges which staff might need in the production department. The function of the ICT staff at Tesco and Apple is also to make sure they set up system security to make sure that no one goes on to the system to change any of the information. ICT staff also has to make sure that the businesses website is kept in order and can easily be accessible so customers have no difficulties with it. The Marketing function- The Marketing function is to identify consumers needs and wants and then supply them with the right products, in the right place at the right time; for example customers of Apple wanting better and newer high tech gadgets or customers in Tesco wanting price reductions. They would need to identify and meet the customers needs and make sure that production workers produces high- quality goods and respond to a customer enquiry promptly and accurately. The Sales function- The function of a sales staff is essential f or Tesco and Apple because their main role is to sell products and services to the customer in order for the business to keep on running. At Tesco and Apple, sales staffs are very important because without sales staffs the two global businesses would not be able to reach their aims and objectives like becoming the number one business in the world at what they do. They organise sale promotions, help customers with their enquiries and keep customers records up to date. The Production function- The production function at Tesco and Apple is to make sure that the goods of Tesco and Apple are produced on time and is in a high quality for the customers. The production staffs also make sure that any deliveries that are made are the right ones and if there are any problems they will have to contact the supplier. With Apple and Tesco having such a Top reputation it is essential that the production produce products which are up to the standards of the customers, mainly for Apple as customers o f Apple would have to pay a very high amount of money to purchase any of their products.

Definition and Examples of Organization in Composition

Definition and Examples of Organization in Composition In composition  and speech, the organization is the arrangement of ideas, incidents, evidence, or details in a perceptible order in a paragraph,  essay, or speech.  It is also known as the elements  arrangement  or  dispositio,  as in  classical rhetoric.  It was defined by  Aristotle in Metaphysics  as  the order of that which has parts, either according to place or  potentia  or form. As Diana Hacker wrote in Rules for Writers, Although paragraphs (and indeed whole essays) may be patterned in any number of ways, certain patterns of organization occur frequently, either alone or in combination: examples and illustrations, narration, description, process, comparison and contrast, analogy, cause and effect, classification and division, and definition. There is nothing particularly magical about these patterns (sometimes called methods of development). They simply reflect some of the ways in which we think.  (Diana Hacker, with Nancy I. Sommers, Thomas Robert Jehn, and Jane Rosenzweig, Rules for Writers with 2009 MLA and 2010 APA Updates, Bedford/St. Martins, 2009) Choosing a Format Basically, the goal is to choose an organizational method  that enables your report, essay, presentation, or article to clearly convey your information and message to your audience. Your topic and message will dictate that. Are you trying to persuade, report findings, describe something, compare and contrast two things, instruct, or tell someones story? Figure out the thesis statement or message you want to get across- boil it down in one sentence if you can- and  what you aim to do will help you to choose your essays structure. If youre writing instructional text, youll want to go in chronological order. If youre reporting findings of an experiment or your conclusions after analyzing a text, youll start with your thesis statement and then support your ideas with evidence, explaining how you came to your conclusion. If youre telling someones story, you may have a chronological organization for much of the piece, but not necessarily right at the introduction. If youre writing a news story for a publication, you may need to work in reverse-pyramid style, which puts the most immediate information up top, giving people the gist of the story even if they read only one or two paragraphs. Theyll get more detail the further into the story they read. Outlines Even if you just sketch a rough outline on scratch paper with a topic list and arrows, making it will help the drafting of the paper go more smoothly. Putting a plan in place can also save you time later because youll be able to rearrange things even before you start writing. Having an outline doesnt mean things wont change as you go, but just having one can help ground you and give you a place to start. Dwight Macdonald wrote in The New York Times, [T]he  great basic principle of organization:  put everything on the same subject in the same place. I remember when an editor, Ralph Ingersoll I think, casually explained this trick of the trade to me, that my first reaction was obviously,  my second but why didnt it ever occur to me? and my third that it was one of those profound banalities everybody knows after theyve been told. (Rreview of Luce and His Empire,  in The New York Times Book Review, 1972. Rpt. in Discriminations: Essays and Afterthoughts, 1938–1974, by Dwight Macdonald. Viking Press, 1974) Introductions and Body Text Whatever you write, youll need a strong introduction. If your readers dont find something to hook their interest  in the first paragraph, all your research and effort into making your report wont achieve their goal of informing or persuading an audience. After the intro, then you get into the meat of your information. You wont necessarily write your intro first, even though your reader will see it first. Sometimes you need to start in the middle, just so youre not overwhelmed with a blank page for long. Start with the basics, the background, or boiling down your research- just to get going- and come back to writing the intro at the end. Writing the background often gives you an idea of how you want to do the intro, so you dont need to fret over it. Just get the words moving. Organizing Paragraphs  Structure Dont get too hung up on a particular formula for each paragraph, though. Stephen Wilbers wrote, Paragraphs range from tightly structured to loosely structured. Any scheme will do as long as the paragraph seems to hold together. Many paragraphs begin with a topic sentence or generalization, followed by a clarifying or limiting statement and one or more sentences of explanation or development. Some conclude with a resolution statement. Others delay the topic sentence until the end. Others have no topic sentence at all. Each paragraph should be designed to achieve its particular purpose. (Keys to Great Writing, Writers Digest Books, 2000) Conclusions Some pieces that you write may need a wrap-up type of conclusion- especially if youre out to persuade or present findings- where you give a quick summary of the high points of what youve just presented in detail. Shorter papers may not necessarily need this type of conclusion, as it will feel overly repetitive or belabored to the reader. Instead of a straight-out summary, you can come at it a bit differently  and discuss the significance of your topic, set up a sequel (talk about its potential in the future), or bring back the scene from the beginning with a little added twist, knowing what you know now, with the information presented in the article. Speeches Writing a speech or presentation is similar to writing a paper, but you may need a bit more bounce back to your main points- depending on the length of your presentation and the detail you plan to cover- to make sure that the crux of your information is solidified in the audience members mind. Speeches and presentations likely do need highlights in a summary conclusion, but none of the repetition need be long- just enough to make the message memorable.

Quality Tools (IP-Unit3) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quality Tools (IP-Unit3) - Research Paper Example These delays can be avoided if a standard procedure is followed. The current check in and check out procedures lack a few essential steps required in the standard procedure. These steps although are small, yet they are very effective in terms of customer satisfaction. These missing steps are the confirmations of certain pieces of information at check-in and check-out. The standard procedure for check-in and check-out takes less time than the time required for the Hotel’s current check-in and check-out procedures. So it would be wise to align the Hotel’s procedures with the standard procedures. Apart from this other services the hotel need to be reviewed as well. These services include room service, newspaper delivery, automated teller machine (ATM), baggage storage, beverage area, complimentary concierge desk, elevators, gift shop, laundry/valet service, local area transportation, lounge, luggage hold, multi-lingual staff, news stand, safety deposit box, shoe shine stand, tour desk, audio/visual equipment rental, business center, express mail, fax According to the fish bone diagram, inefficient service can have several causes. These causes mainly revolve around the check-in and check-out procedures and customer service front desk. The fourth major contributor is other services which are in dire need of attention since they have not been functioning up to the standard. It is required that the hotel manages its services in accordance with the standard procedures to gain customer satisfaction. Following are the graphs based on the check-in and check-out data collected on 31st july of this year. The horizontal axis represents individual guests while the vertical axis represents the time taken in dealing with these guests. The ideal time has been mentioned earlier for both procedures and the variances above the ideal time are clearly

A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Costing Method with ABC Costing Essay

A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Costing Method with ABC Costing Method - Essay Example (Charles T. Horngren p150) Manufacturing company only produced a few types and high quantities of products before, traditional costing method which focused on direct costs were much more important than the production overheads, traditional costing would be accurate before While the production structure has changed, the times demand that flexibility and love of change replaced absorption costing method in Manufacturing company. Our company is a Manufacturing company. The company has a processing system that is used to manufacture two products: Hinkels and Quirts. Cost drivers are the real factors that decide the cost incurred and the resource consumed. Unlike the traditional method plagued by inaccuracy in manufacturing overheads allocation, ABC need not adopt two-stage cost allocation process to figure out the each target cost, in order to achieve cost information accuracy. Therefore, ABC adopts multi activities to distribute costs. It demonstrates that choosing proper cost drivers i s the most important and key step. In practice the ABC system uses many drivers as allocation bases in the second stage of the cost allocation system whereas the traditional cost systems tend to use, at the most, two second-stage allocation bases. (Colin Drury, 2002, p298) II. ABC process: Activity-based costing has the following five steps: a. Identify the different activities performed by the business. b. Calculate the total cost of each activity over the financial period(cost pool) c. Identify a cost driver (i.e. a causation factor) for each activity. d. Calculate the cost driver rate(i.e. the average cost of one occurrence of the cost driver) e. Assign part of the cost each activity to different products based to the extent to which each product has caused the activity to occur (i.e.

The strategic international human resource management Essay Example for Free

The strategic international human resource management Essay In order to explore the role of strategic international Human Resource management in making multi-national organisations competitive, this assignment reflects the strategic international human resource management issues that the branch of the Vietnamese Pha Lai glass company has to face through human resource process: (Polycentric approach). Some introduction about Pha Lai glass manufactory Some introduction about Laos and PEST analysis Issues relating to Human resource process in Laos: + Forecasting labour demand and supply + Recruitment + Selection and placement + Training + Appraisal performance + Remuneration and benefit + Compensation + Occupational health and safety Issues relating to Vietnam expatriate managers : + Cross-culture suitability (Geert Hofstede (1984) in cross culture study) + Family requirement + Language + Host environment in Laos Some best examples for other Vietnamese organisations have success in operations in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. Introduction: In the new background, as Vietnam became an official member of international organisations such as Asean, Apec, Afta and along with the integration trend of Vietnamese economy into the Asean economy and the world economy, the business environment will be opened up with a lot of new factors, more opportunities accompany by more challenges. Therefore, competition becomes fiercer and fiercer. This situation requires Vietnamese enterprises have to a more long-term prospect as well as more effectiveness about their development. Engaging in international operations is one of the most suitable strategies that many Vietnamese organisations choose for their existence and development. The Pha Lai Glass company is one of the typical examples for that. The company has successful performed in the domestic market over the past five years, and now it is in the early stages of a feasibility study for expanding its manufacturing capacity, and as part of the strategic plan is considering establishing a plant in a foreign country, Laos, which is the neighbour country of Vietnam. The branch will be located in Vientiane, the capital of Laos. Some introduction about the Pha Lai Glass factory Pha Lai glass factory, one of Vietnamese famous manufactory, is in the early stages of a feasibility study for expanding its manufacturing capacity in a foreign country after success over the past five years. The factory is located on Pha Lai Town, Chi Linh District, Hai Hung province in Vietnam. The products of the manufactory include glass products. The initial capital is 6753 million Vietnam dongs; total revenue now is 9758 million Vietnam dongs. The total manufactorys labour is 587 people. Some introduction about Laos Lao is bordered to the north by the Peoples Republic of China (505 kilometers), to the south by Cambodia (435 kilometers), to the east by Vietnam (2,069 kilometers), to the northwest by Myanmar (236 kilometers), and to the west by Thailand (1,835 kilometers). Laos has a total area of 236,800 square kilometres, stretching a distance of approximately 1,000 kilometers form north to south. The Lao political system is run as a peoples democracy with the Lao Peoples Revolutionary Party at its head. The nations political policy can be simply stated as a democratic government empowered by the people to work for the people. The total population of the country is approximately 6 million people. Of the total number, 2965300 are male and 3034700 female. (Source: http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm) PEST analysis An analysis of the new environment is important because it increases in the quality of the operation of the manufactorys branch in Laos by considering a range of relevant features well before making a suitable strategic decision. It is necessary to identify the threats that the branch have to face as well as the opportunities it can be get in the Laos invest environment by applying PEST analysis. Political/legal The Laos Government allows a great deal of flexibility, particularly welcomes foreign investors who wish to operate business in Laos. Laos is perfectly prepared for every type of investment, it is ready for development and, by its membership of ASEAN in July 1997, and it intends to participate with other countries in the development of the region to keep pace with the changing world. The branchs property and investments in Laos shall be protected by the laws and regulations of the Lao PDR. Such property and investment may not be requisitioned, confiscated or nationalized except for a public purpose and upon payment of prompt, adequate and effective compensation. Economic The countrys trading policy has varied from to period according to economic policy. Trade occurred with other socialist countries, that is, Viet Nam, Cambodia and the Soviet Union. Public enterprises began to play a role in foreign trade. With the advent of the policy of New Thinking, the nations economic development has steadily been liberalized and is moving towards a market economy. Due to the natural expansion of the economy, Lao achieved a high growth rate. Laos opened its doors to foreign investors, total investments from both the local and foreign investors was nearly US$ 8 million for total 636 projects. Socio-cultural Population and labour force According to Laoss statistics, the population of Laos is nearly 6 million in which the labour force represents 48% (approximately 2800000 people) of the total population of the country. That is considerable labour force for the development of the branchs human resource. The employment rate was slightly higher for male than for female, 52% and 48% respectively. The labour force is aged 10 years and above. It is an important issue that the branch must to be interest first because that is too young labour force. Health Life expectancy rate is appreciated about 51 years. Education and Literacy About 72% of men and 53% of women have access to education in Laos. Educational quantity has been increased. This advantage will lead the branch have a suitable human resource plan. Technological Economic development in Laos is aimed mainly at the development of its infrastructure. Another focus is on such unique opportunities as being an electricity-exporting centre for neighboring country, particularly Thailand and Vietnam. Thus, technological applications to help in the development of the country current tend to learn towards those areas of knowledge and management rather than more varied and complicated machinery. (Source: http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm) After fulfilling PEST analysis in order to assess the investment opportunities in Laos, it is recognized obviously that this is potential investment environment for Pha Lai glass factory expanding the branch in this fully potential neighbour country. The Functional Organisation for the manufacturing branch in Laos includes as follows: One President One Vice President of Production One Vice President of Marketing One Vice President of Human Resources One Vice President of Finance Polycentric approach for the organisation structure The Organisation structure for the branch in Laos is applied the polycentric approach. It means: The President is from the PCNs, Vietnam. The Vice President of Production and the Vice President of Finance are also from Vietnam in order to assure that operations are supervised under PCNs policy. The Vice President of Marketing and Human Resource are HCNs (Laoss) because they are local people in Laos so they understand deeply about politics, economy, socio-culture and technology environment in Laos, they will achieve their mission better. 585 Laos employees (99% of total labour force of the branch). A polycentric staffing policy is one in which HCNs are recruited to manage subsidiaries in their own country and PCNs occupy positions at corporate headquarters (Dowling, Welch and Schuler, 1999). The branch does not recruit from TCNs. As a role of the president of the branchs operations in Laos, the International Human resource management model will be applied by Ralobbins and Coulters model (2003), p 283. Part 1: Issues to Vietnamese expatriate managers in Laos Selecting Managers The advantages and Disadvantages of using Parent-country Nationals Advantages * Organizational control and coordination is maintained and facilitated * Promising managers are given international experience * Vietnamese managers may be the best people for the job because of special skills and experiences. * There is assurance that subsidiary will comply with company objectives, policies, and so on Disadvantages * The promotional opportunities of Laos staff are limited * Adaptation to Laos staff may take a long time * Vietnamese managers may impose an inappropriate HQ style * Compensation for Vietnamese and Laos managers may differ Cross-culture Suitability According to Geert Hofstede (1984) in cross cultural study, there are four kinds of culture as follows: Power distance (PD) is the extent to which an unequal distribution of power is accepted by members of a society. Uncertainty avoidance (UA) is how much members of a society are threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations. Individualism collectivism (I) is the tendency to take care of oneself and ones family versus the tendency to work together for the collective good. Masculinity-femininity (M) is the extent to which highly assertive masculine values predominate (acquisition of money at the expense of others) versus showing sensitivity and concern for others welfare. (source: Geert Hofstede (1984) cross cultural study) The cultural environment in which Vietnamese managers operate is an important factor in determining successful performance. Laos has some features of the uncertainty-avoidance culture that will be convenient for Vietnamese managers in Laos. Because Laos has a good traditional culture for long-time ago, and up to now, it is still kept and developed more brilliantly. A good cultural environment will assist Vietnamese managers avoid the culture sock as well as stress at work. Family Requirements The contribution that the family, particular the spouse, makes to the success of the international assignment is now well-documented. However, there are other issues that the planners needs to concern due to a spouse or partners difficulties with adapting to life in Laos as well as covering all of the Vietnamese expatriate familys living cost. Language The ability to speak a second language is an aspect often linked with crosscultural ability (Dowling, Welch and Schuler, 1999). Language skills may be regarded as of critical importance for managerial positions. Tung (1986) suggested knowledge of the host-countrys language is an important aspect of expatriate performance, regardless of the level of position. Differences in language are recognised as a major barrier to effective crosscultural communication. Thus, Vietnamese expatriate managers must be good speaking Laoss language people in order to perform operations of the branch effectively. Host Environment The environment in Laos also has an impact on Vietnamese expatriatess operation capability. According to Gregresen et all, nd, the international context with its differing societal, legal, economic, technical, and physical demands can be a major determinant of expatriate performance. However, the environment in Laos is likely to have positive impact on Vietnamese expatriate because Laos and Vietnam have had a good relationship for long time ago as well as have a certain neighbourhood. Part 2: issues relate to Laos human resource staff. The Human resource management process includes following steps: Step 1: Human resource planning Step 2: Recruitment Step 3: Selection and placement (identification, selection, and placement of competent employees) Step 4: Training Step 5: Performance appraisal Step 6: Remuneration and benefits Step 7: Compensation Step 8: Occupational health and safety Human resource planning After PEST analysis in the new investment environment, the branch needs to have an appropriate Human resource planning. Human resource planning includes forecasts of labour demand, forecasts of labour supply, forecasts of labour surplus or shortage, goal setting and strategic planning. The main advantages of a polycentric policy identified above, are: + Employing Laoss staff eliminates language barriers, avoids the adjustment problems of Vietnamese managers and their families, and removes the need for expensive cultural awareness training programs. + Employment of Laos allows the branch to take a lower profile in sensitive political situations. + Employment of Laos is less expensive than that of Vietnam, even if a premium is paid to attract high-quality applicants. + Employing Laoss employees gives continuity to the management of the branchs operation in Laos. This approach avoids the turnover of key managers that, by its very nature, results from an ethnocentric approach. Forecasting, on both the supply and demand sides were used by judgemental method. Forecasts of labour demand: Total labour force in the Pha Lai glass company is 587. So the labour demand at Vientiane will be similar to 587 including one Vietnamese President, two Vietnamese vice presidents of Production and Finance; two local vice directors of Marketing and Humance Resource and 582 local human resource employees. Forecasts of labour supply: The labour force in Laos is about 2800000 people that the percentage of men and women are 52% and 48%, respectively. Particularly Laos has the young labour force from 10 and above. This is an abundant, strong labour supply force for the project. Determining labour surplus or shortage: According to two forecasts of labour demand and supply, the labour force is surplus and this issue is determined, the branch can determine the next issue for potential problems. Goal setting and strategic planning The second step in human resource planning is goal setting and strategic planning. The goal directly comes from the analysis of labour supply and demand The labour force can be appreciated satisfactorily for the current and future of the branchs operation targets. Recruitment Recruitment is a complex process, generally defined as searching for, and obtaining, potential job candidates in sufficient numbers and quality, and at the right cost, for the branch to select the most appropriate people to fills its jobs. The questions for recruitment process will be as follows: + How many people does the branch need? + Where can the branch recruit? + Who are sufficient for jobs? For these issues, the responses will be: According to determining labour demand, the branch needs 582 workers within sufficient skills, competence and knowledge for it targets and goals. * Methods for recruitment can be either internal methods such as posting skills, inventory or external methods such as radio, television, newspaper, trade journals, computerised services and so on. * Sources for recruitment can be external sources such as referrals, walk-ins, agencies, schools, CES, trade unions. Selection and placement Selection is the process of gathering legally defensible information about job applicants in order to determine who should be hired for long or short-term positions. Interviews and test are applied for selection process. This includes questions about the following: * Age, sex, religion and national origin * Number of children and who will care for them * Height and weight, unless job related * Marital status * Conviction record unless strongly related to job * Credit status * Relatives and friends working for the employer. At the end of selection, every potential candidate is identified and placed their appropriate positions. Training Only by examining the skills and competence for a job (as defined in manufacturing glass, for example), managers can identify training requirements and select the training programs that be based on job-related criteria (Holton and Bailey 1995; Hong and Lin 1995; Piskurich 1994). Required skills and competence will be transferred from Vietnamese major manufactory to Laoss staff in order to adapt business operation requirement in Laos. Performance appraisal Although Laos employees may learn about how well they are performing through informal means, such as co-workers telling them what a great job they are doing or their supervisors giving them an occasional pat on the back. Performance appraisal will be defined here as a formal, structured system of measuring, evaluating and influencing an employees job-related attributes, behaviours and outcomes to discover at what level she or he is going to perform in his or her job: That is, how productive he or she is and whether he or she can perform more effectively in the future. It is a dynamic and multidimensional process (Latham and Wexley 1981; Carroll and Schneier 1982). Remuneration and benefits Another important issue is to motivate employees and the way which is used to motivate employees to perform more effectively is based on distribution salaries and benefits. For the growth and development of the branch, Laos employees need to express satisfaction with their salary and benefits. Compensation All Laos employees in the branch must be covered by workers compensation insurance by compensation policies of the branch. The insurance provides a scale of benefits for employees who are injured at work or who incur a work-related illness. The aim of the legislation is to maintain employees income and employment benefits for the period that the employees is unable to perform his or her usual work Occupational health and safety One of important issue is occupational health and safety for labours force. If the branch can reduce the rates and severity of its occupational accidents, diseases, and work-related stress levels and improve the quality of work life for its employees, it can become more effective. Line directors must have a large responsibility in ensuring that program intervention is implemented, demonstrated to Laoss workers that occupational health and safety objectives are supported at all levels. Conclusion The ability to manage Human resources on an international basis is one of the first important issues that any manufactory must assess before expanding its operations abroad. With fully detailed analysis about the opportunities as well as the challenges that the branch will have to face in Laos, I, as a role of the Human resource manager in the factory, believe that applying International human resource management strategy above can help the branch of Pha Lai glass factory have many prospects for further sustainable development in Laos as well as in other countries in the future. Current examples of best practices suitable to the company There are many Vietnamese enterprise have operations successfully in Laos, some examples below are the most obviously detailed evidences that are realistic and feasible to illustrate. Dien Quang Lamp Company had already set up a distributorship and agency in Vientiane. Now it was looking to expand. Dien Quang products are exported to 18 countries all over the world, including in Asia and the Middle East. In 2002, we aimed at breaking into the Lao market and this year, we had an advertising plan to take our trade name to Lao consumers Mr Phan Ngoc Huy, Assistant General Director of Dien Quang Lamp Company said. Mr Dam Van Hong, from the Sales and Marketing Department of Saigon Plastic Company said the company was planning to build a factory in Laos. Our factory will be located at Km 7 and will be 4,000 sq m in Area. The Vietnam trade representative office in Laos said almost all the Vietnamese business that joined the That Luang Trade Fair on this occasion met their targets to penetrate the local market, to find partners to establish agencies or become distributors and to introduce high quality products to the Laos consumer. (Source: http://www.mot.gov.vn/Laowebsite/News.asp?id=65kind=1) References Books 1. Dowling Peter J, Welch Denice, Schuler Randall S, P 1999, International Human Resource Management Managing People in a Multinational Context, third edition. 2. Brewster Chris and Harris Hilary, P. 2000, International Human Resource Management Contemporary issues in Europe, second edition. 3. Kramar Robin, Mcgraw Peter and Schuler Randall, P. 1998, Human resource Management in Australia, third edition. 4. Sisson Keith and Storey Storey, P. 2001, The realities of Human resource Management Managing the Employment Relationship. 5. Geert Hofstede, P. 1984, Cross Cultural Study 116000 employees 40 countries. 6. Stoner James A.F, R. Edward Freeman, Gilbert Daniel R, Jr, P. 2000, Management, sixth edition. Webs 1. http://www.thuonghieuviet.com.vn/index 2. http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm 3. http://www.hanover.park.org/Thailand/MoreAboutAisa/vninfo/companies/cty2451.html 4. http://www.mot.gov.vn/Laowebsite/News.asp?id=65kind=1 Bibliography Books 1. Dowling Peter J, Welch Denice E and Schuler Randall S, P. 1999, International Human Resource Management Management People in a Multinational Context, third edition. 2. Sisson Keith, Storey John, P. 2001, The realities of Human Resource Management Managing the Employment Relationship, second edition. 3. Brewster Chris and Harris Hilary, P. 2000, International Human Resource Management Contemporary issues in Europe. 4. Lewis Pamela S, Goodman Stephen H and Fandt Patricia M, P. 2001, Management: Challenges in the 21st century, third edition. 5. Kramar Robin, Graw Peter Mc and Schuler Randall S, P. 1998, Human Resource Management in Australia. 6. Robbins Stephen P and Coulter Mary, P. 2004, Management, eighth edition, Pearson, Prentice Hall. 7. Geert Hofstede, P. 1984, Cross Cultural Study 116000 employees 40 countries. 8. Stoner James A.F, R. Edward Freeman, Gilbert Daniel R, Jr, P. 2000, Management, sixth edition. Webs 1. http://www.handover.park.org/Thailand/MoreAboutAsia/vninfo/companies/cty2451.html 2. http://www.drc.com.vn/index.php 3. http://www.business-in-laos.com/laos.htm 4. http://www.thuonghieuviet.com.vn/index 5. http://www.bitis_vn.com/ 6. http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~jnichols/clas-618.htm 7. http://www.mot.gov.vn/Laowebsite/News.asp?id=65kind=1 8. http://www.ilir.uiuc.edu/courses/Non-current/lir490b/Lectures/6_IntroToCulture/Sld010.htm

The Outsiders :: essays research papers

The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton Published 1967 Published by: Puffin Books Genre: fiction The book The Outsiders is the realistic story about this between two very different groups in a town in the United States: the poor Greasers from the east side, and the Socs, whitch is what the greasers call the socials, the richer boys from the other side of the town. Ponyboy Curtis is the narrator of the story, a 14-year-old boy who lives with his two older brothers, Darry and Soda. He is a pretty good athlete and student, but is not treated the same as the richer students at his school. Ponyboy uses to have long hair that he greases back, a symbol of being in the outsider gang. He is unhappy with his situation, because Darry is too protective of him and he always has to be afraid of Socs attacking him. One night Pony and his best friend Johnny are attacked by a group of drunken Socs. When one of the Socs tries to drown Pony, he goes unconscious and when he wakes up, he sees that Johnny has killed one of the Socs. The two boys decide to go to their friend Dally; he gives them money and directions to a church in the country. There they hide out for a long week, and after it Dally comes to find them. After eating, they return to the church and see that it has caught fire. A group of children are stuck in the burning building. Pony and Johnny do not hesitate and jump in to save the children, Pony gets out ok but Johnny is hit with a piece of falling wood and serious burnt. The boys appear in the news as heroes, even though they are still wanted for murdering the Soc. Pony is fine, but Johnny is badly hurt. After a while, there is a big fight between the Greasers and the Socs. The Greasers win, but when Dally and Pony go to tell Johnny that they won, he dies during their visit. Dally is destroyed by this and later he calls Pony to tell him that he robbed a store and is being chased by the cops. They hurry to meet him, and see him shot down after he pulls a gun on the police. Pony is scared by what has happened, and convinces himself that he, not Johnny, killed the Soc.

The Reflections On Observations Carried Out Education Essay

Joe is a 13 old ages old pupil. During the Primary school, his behavioral and learning troubles and his academic advancement were the instructor and parents chief concern. He was unable to concentrate and finish his work and was holding jobs to maintain up with the course of study. The Education Psychologist assessed him with terrible dyslexia when he was 8 old ages old. It was noted that although attending troubles were impacting significantly his literacy undertakings, his literacy troubles were more declarative of deficient exposure to reading and spelling regulations. Furthermore, it was reported that Joe has terrible dyslexia, which was impeding his advancement at school. At the Child Guidance Clinic he was besides assessed with oppositional noncompliant upset. Joe manifests low ego regard and assurance in the manner he behaves. He often mentions that he is non good for anything and when person praises him, he does non believe it. He has troubles in authorship and reading, even though he has an astonishing spoken vocabulary and fertile imaginativeness. Joe receives the support of a shared acquisition support helper which has to back up three other pupils.Introductionâ€Å" For a dyslexic who does non yet know they are dyslexic, life is a large high wall you ne'er think you will be able to mount or acquire over. The minute you understand there is something called dyslexia, and there are ways of acquiring around the job, the whole universe opens up † ( Successful Peoples with Dyslexia – Jackie Stewart, international race auto driver ) . The universe we live in today is full of print so it is really easy to understand why both spoken and written linguistic communication is so of import and necessary in human communicating. Besides at school we are still depending excessively much on literacy. One can easy understand the concern of both parents and pedagogues when they notice the first marks of specific larning jobs such as dyslexia, when a pupil despite of equal intelligence and educational chances is still non doing the coveted advancement in countries of larning which involve literacy but at the same clip he is making highly good in topics which do non affect reading and authorship. â€Å" All right, † I told myself, â€Å" you may non be the brightest male child in the school, but you know every bit much about autos as any of your friends. You may hold to work a spot harder, do things in a somewhat different manner. You may hold to pay excess attending to detail, but you can make it. † ( The Telegraph 2007 – Jackie Stewart, international race auto driver ) . Normally when we hear about the word dyslexia, we associate it with reading, composing, spelling and Maths jobs but that is merely one face of the learning disablement. Harmonizing to Ronald D. Davis, an writer who he himself has dyslexia, there is the positive side of Dyslexia. He mentions several famous persons with dyslexia and insists that these people are masterminds because they have dyslexia. Davis references eight basic abilities which harmonizing to him all dyslexics portion. These eight abilities harmonizing to Davis if non suppressed, invalidated or destroyed by defenders or instructors, will ensue in two features: higher than normal intelligence and extraordinary originative abilities. ( Davis, 1997 ) .Contemplations on observations carried outParents should be a valued beginning of assessmentA When I was given the blessing to detect Joe, I was advised that unluckily due to familiar jobs it would non be wise to detect him in out of school environment. At the same clip I was informed that alternatively I could repair an assignment with his female parent at school. As I know that parents are an first-class resource of information, I did n't waver to repair this meeting. â€Å" Parents are an priceless portion of the instruction squad and if they are non to the full included both the school and the student will be disadvantaged. † ( Grech Louisa & A ; Philip cited on Azzopardi A. , 2010:52 ) . I learned that Joe is really originative at place, particularly in place decorating jobs. His female parent besides informed me that she herself has dyslexia and so she could sympathize with his defeat when he has to read and compose and when he experiences reluctance to go to school due to feelings of failure. She still remembers what she had to travel through back in clip, when there was less awareness about larning disablements. This shows that when a household member is sing a learning disablement all the household is affected frequently in a negative manner ( Dyson, 1996 ) . The term ‘specific larning disablement ‘ means a â€Å" upset in one or more of the basic psychological procedures involved in understanding or in utilizing linguistic communication, spoken or written, which disorder may attest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, believe, talk, read, compose, spell or make mathematical computations † ( IDEA 2004 ) ( as cited in Falzon class notes 2013 ) . Troubles in literature Spelling I observed that spelling is one of the activities which pose most challenges for Joe. Spelling errors could be noticed even in short words and across both linguistic communications. He was observed utilizing phonemic spelling for non phonemic words. Joe experiences troubles with disorderly spelling. As he can non trust on his ocular memory to assist him, he attempts to spell words in a manner in which although all right letters are at that place, they are written in the incorrect order. â€Å" Disorderly spellings ‘ show that the kid is sing trouble with ocular memory † ( Dyslexia Teacher ) . I ‘ve frequently observed that Joe becomes really defeated when he hands over his assignments to his instructor or LSA as when they look into his work he ever has many errors. It would assist if pedagogues adopt certain schemes when rectifying. Correction should be done discretely and off from equals. Red ink should be avoided and merely one type of error should be corrected at a clip so the pupil will non experience abashed. Using the phoneme count game during rectification can assist Joe. In this activity, Joe listens carefully to the sounds and counts them out and besides cleavage. He so tries to compose these words either on a laminated sheet or else he uses sandpaper letters. In this manner he can run his fingers over the letters and feels them. The most of import thing is to reenforce on a regular basis the words learned. Reading Joe besides experiences reading troubles, in fact Dyslexia is a specific trouble that is known to affects reading and spelling. â€Å" Dyslexia is characterised by troubles in treating word-sounds and by failings in short term verbal memory ; its effects may be seen in spoken linguistic communication every bit good as written linguistic communication † ( Dyslexia Action, once Dyslexia institute 2007 ( as cited in Falzon class notes 2013 ) . Fortunately during my observations, he was ne'er asked to read in public but I ‘ve had the chance to listen while he was reading to the LSA. Joe reads really easy and when he tries to read faster he makes a batch of errors. I besides observed that Joe makes up the narrative utilizing illustrations or his imaginativeness. This has little or no relation whatsoever to the text which he is reading. He besides adds words which do non demo in the text. Joe can sound out parts of words but can non synthesise all the sounds into the whole word. His phonological accomplishments are non yet to the full developed and so he finds it hard to organize the sounds within words or to recognize syllables within a word. Joe experiences cleavage troubles and needs a batch of support to retrieve the order of sounds in a peculiar word. Joe should ne'er be asked to read aloud to his equals. If he is willing to make so passage for reading should be given beforehand and text and founts be adapted harmonizing to his penchants. Besides coloring material of paper may cut down reading troubles ( Irien 2005 ) ( as cited on Azzopardi, 2010, pg100 ) . Writing Many pupils with larning disablements who have reading troubles besides may hold problem composing ( Walker, Shippen, Alberto, Houchins, & A ; Cihak, 2005 as cited in Salend, 2008, p.68 ) . While he is composing I observed that he reverses letters like â€Å" vitamin D † and â€Å" B † and â€Å" Q † and â€Å" P † . Joe takes really long to compose as he keeps spelling each and every word while he is composing. Besides he has troubles to bring forth thoughts and organize these thoughts into meaningful sentences. Besides while he writes his vocabulary is instead restricted. â€Å" An scrutiny of their authorship may uncover jobs in the countries of thought coevals, text administration, sentence construction, vocabulary use, spelling and Grammar. These composing troubles can impact their public presentation across the course of study † ( Salend, 2008 ) . For written assignments, Joe should be given excess clip and be praised for his creativeness. Besides computing machines, word-processors and spell-checks are really of import. For a pupil like Joe who has issues with his script and his spelling, ICT can be of tremendous benefit ( Pollock et Al ) . â€Å" Every kid has the right of entree to the course of study, yet we take away that right from so many pupils † ( Thomson, 2003 ) as cited on Azzopardi, 2010, pg.97 ) . The National Minimum Curriculum states that â€Å" We need to provide for the fact that all kids come to school with a different luggage and the Universal Designed acquisition ( UDL ) adheres to it. UDL is a model to extinguish barriers and do course of study accessible for all pupils by supplying: * Multiple agencies of representations of information to pupils. * Multiple agencies of look by pupils to show what they know. * Multiple agencies of battle to excite scholar ‘s involvement and motive. We as pedagogues should get down earnestly believing about differentiated acquisition experiences if we truly believe in inclusion. Troubles in Maths While I was detecting Joe during assorted Maths lessons it was really obvious that he was happening it hard to prolong attending. Joe can make arithmetic really easy but for him word jobs and algebra are a existent concern. He besides shows hapless memory for sequences, facts and information that has merely been given. Geller and Smith ( 2002 ) suggested that: jobs in the perceptual registry, every bit good as short-run memory, may negatively impact the math accomplishment of pupils with larning disablements ( as cited on Bender, 2004, pg.216 ) . During Maths, Joe shows dependance on finger numeration. Fortunately nobody of all time asked him to halt utilizing this method. I commend the Maths instructor for supplying Joe with press releases and worksheets to forestall him from copying from the whiteboard. The lone expostulation I have is that he should hold given them to everyone else in category. In this manner, Joe would non be seen as the uneven one out. I besides admire the manner in which the LSA works with Joe during this lesson. He reads the jobs for Joe and foreground the cardinal parts. At the same clip he encourages Joe to jot short notes about those cardinal parts. The LSA besides draws diagrams to assist him organize and understand better the information presented in the job as it is being presented in a ocular mode. I besides support the manner in which the LSA encourages Joe to look for words which are clearly highlighted on the press release alternatively of spelling them herself therefore cut downing learned weakness. Harmonizing to Martin Seligman â€Å" Learned weakness is the province of head created when an animate being or human being learns to act impotently, even with the agencies to get away or avoid an unpleasant state of affairs † ( Helping Psychology, 2010 ) . Troubles in Administration â€Å" You besides can promote pupils to work independently by assisting them develop their organizational accomplishments † ( Finstein, Yao Yang & A ; Jones 2006 ; Mizelle, 2005 ) as cited on Salend 2008, pg.245. From what I observed, Joe needs to be taught ways and agencies of how he can be more organized. During most of the lessons Joe needed motivating to bring his text editions and files. He was non certain which 1s corresponded to the lesson which was traveling on in the category. For him all the books seemed the same. Besides he frequently came to school without his prep. I shortly realised that something had to be done in this respect. The LSA and the instructors should work hand in glove to implement administration schemes. Books, copybooks and files should be coloring material coded harmonizing to the topic. This would heighten acknowledgment. Besides as the LSA has to help more pupils he can promote peer coaction where other pupils assist Joe. Besides an hypertrophied transcript of the timetable should be glued to his desk therefore doing it easier for him to cognize what is following. Before the pupil leaves the category, the LSA should do certain that Joe has packed all the books needed for analyzing and prep. The instructor should besides make his or her portion. Home plants should be written on the board every bit early as possible during the lesson and the LSA should look into what he has written. The communicating book is another of import tool to better administration accomplishments. Troubles in Behaviour During my observations I observed that Joe has troubles to understand societal cues and to act in a socially acceptable manner in assorted scenes. He lacks interpersonal accomplishments and this impairs negatively on his ability to organize meaningful friendly relationships. Unfortunately he is regarded by some of his equals and instructors as socially troubled and this impinges on his self-pride and the self-esteem attributed to him by other pupils. Children normally react to academic failure by neglecting in behavior. Why? Because so all eyes are on your kid ‘s bad behavior and non on her failure in reading and authorship. She ‘s labelled as boisterous, but that ‘s much easier for her to bear than being thought of as â€Å" dense † ( Wood, 2006, pg.64 ) . Frequently bad behavior is dissembling the pupil ‘s emphasis and he is utilizing such behavior to show emotions. But it is really of import that the pedagogue prompts Joe to alter behavior. Peoples with dyslexia must besides be encouraged to utilize their strengths to get the better of their failings. This will understate bad behavior. â€Å" They have many particular strengths which they should ever be encouraged to develop to the full. Their intelligence and normalcy in every other domain of life must be emphasised at all times, so they can carry through their possible † ( Blight, 1998, pg.6 ) . Joe should be supported to construct meaningful friendly relationship. This can be done by set uping schoolroom communities and circle of friends. By making so we would be making a supportive and caring community around the pupil and would besides be advancing the thought that diverseness is healthy. â€Å" Such community-building group activities promote friendly relationships and credence by making a category individuality that recognises the similarities and differences among pupils and the alone parts of each category member † ( Harriott & A ; Martin, 2004 ; Obenchain & A ; Abernathy, 2003 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.234 ) . Troubles in motor accomplishments Deficits in all right motor accomplishments, have besides been identified in footings of the characteristically hapless script ( Benton, 1978 ; Miles, 1983 ) , and copying in immature kids ( Badian, 1984 ; Rudel, 1985 ) , coupled with trouble to bind shoe lacings ( Miles, 1983 ) as cited on Reid et al 2008, pg.83. Although the psychological study states that â€Å" Gross motor developmental mileposts featured age-appropriately † , it should hold mentioned the all right motor accomplishments which as I have observed still necessitate to better and dysgraphia. Joe still has troubles in cutting, pulling, and binding his shoe lacings. He holds his pen excessively tightly and exerts heavy force per unit area when composing with the consequence that his motions are restricted. This is one ground why he finds composing so hard and boring. I have besides observed that spacing between words is non standard and often his composing expressions like a whole block of text. Besides he can non maintain within the lines while composing. Joe ‘s composing floats above and cuts down through the lines and his letters are frequently uneven. I besides had the chance to detect Joe ‘s position during the lessons. He frequently slouches in his chair and sits awkwardly at his desk. This continues to encroach negatively on his script. It is an absolute necessity that Joe ‘s script is improved. This can be done by learning him and supplying him with chances to pattern the uninterrupted authorship manner. â€Å" The most widely recommended script manner is called uninterrupted longhand. Its most of import characteristic is that each missive is formed without taking the pencil off the paper and accordingly, each word is formed in one, fluxing motion † ( British Dyslexia Association ) . Besides we should guarantee good position, where the chair and desk are in the right tallness and the pupil is sitting directly with his pess level on the land. I would besides urge that Joe is seen by an Occupational healer which could give him regular exercisings to beef up his fingers and custodies musculuss. â€Å" Daily pattern is the ideal. A small and frequently is better than a hebdomadal endurance contest session. Motor accomplishments develop with ripening, pattern and experience † ( Branson, 2007, Pg.54 ) . Troubles in Self-Esteem â€Å" I come to school. I see all the other friends. Who can rite and read. But me, I ‘m all on my ain Not good at riteing. Not good at reading. I site on my bed, I cry I cry and I cry. But I boh't see why. It ‘s so hared for me. Ca n't you see? † By Jodie Cosgrave, age 11. ( as cited in Social and Emotional Aspects of Dyslexia by Dr. Gilda Palti, 1996 ) . As literacy accomplishments are so strongly emphasized in our current educational system, pupil like Joe frequently experience a great trade of failure as I had the chance to detect. These experiences adversely impact his ego regard. We as pedagogues need to demo him that he has both strengths and weaknesses precisely like anybody else. Praise at the appropriate times is really of import to increase motive. Educators can promote Joe to make activities where he can see success so he will be able to increase his self-esteem. That ‘s why it is of import for Joe to hold humanistic disciplines, physical instruction and IT lessons during the hebdomad. These are the countries in which he can stand out and experience satisfied about his schooling experience. With a batch of difficult work and doggedness, the pedagogues can lend to understate the effects of dyslexia and maximize the â€Å" I am good as anyone else † factor. Self-government is the ultimate end where the pupils use strengths to get the better of failings. â€Å" One indispensable component of authorization is self-determination † ( Wehmeyer, 1993,1994 ) . Self-government is the antonym of erudite weakness. When pupils have control over their life, their self-pride is boosted. Besides when pupils are responsible for planning and determinations, people view them otherwise. â€Å" Self-government refers to volitional actions that enable one to move as the primary causal agent in one ‘s life and to keep or better one ‘s quality of life † ( Wehmeyer, 2007, p.6 ) . Troubles in Attention Comprehension and Memory When the instructor negotiations for long periods of clip, Joe becomes highly defeated because he experiences troubles to prolong attending and because he has weak audile memory. The LSA adapts the notes which are taken during the lesson and high spots keywords to do it easier for him to retrieve them when revising. Unfortunately some instructors do transport on with the lesson even when they are to the full cognizant that Joe and other pupils are non following. To add abuse to injury when they use the whiteboard they write in a disorganized manner and chorus from utilizing any visuals so Joe finds it wholly impossible to follow. To heighten his memory, the LSA could utilize a voice recording equipment to enter the instructor ‘s account. These recordings could so be used back at place to enable Joe to understand at his ain gait and to follow print with audile input. From clip to clip, Joe could besides be asked to verbally rephrase stuff taught to measure his comprehension and reinforce acquisition. Besides repeat should be uninterrupted. Concerted acquisition, where pupils are assigned to squads, and they all portion cognition and accomplishments and seek aid from others, can besides be good. â€Å" A concerted acquisition format that places more duty on group members is the larning together attack † ( Johnson, Johnson, & A ; Holubec, 2002 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.404 ) . Concerted acquisition besides avoids labelling. Another scheme which the pedagogues can utilize is peer tutoring. A equal who demonstrates good comprehension accomplishments can help Joe in larning a new accomplishment. â€Å" In equal tutoring, one pupil coach assists another in larning a new accomplishment. Peer tutoring additions pupil larning across a scope of content countries and Fosters positive attitudes toward school for coachs and tutees † ( Heron, Villareal, Yao, Christianson, & A ; Heron, 2006 ; Miller 2005 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.403 ) . Peer tutoring besides increases motive as pupils enjoy working together and their academic public presentation improves. â€Å" It besides promotes a greater sense of duty and an improved self-concept, every bit good as increased academic and societal accomplishments † ( Spencer, 2006 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.403 ) . Educators need to supervise while they are implementing this scheme. The instructors should help his attending and comprehension by utilizing visuals, composing on the board in an orderly manner, utilizing non cursive and clear penmanship and utilizing different colorss on surrogate lines so Joe can follow better. Teachers should besides be made cognizant that as pupils like Joe think chiefly with images and feelings the usage of structured multi-sensory techniques is greatly encouraged. Multi-sensory methods increase the concentration span of pupils. â€Å" Dyslexic kids need to utilize structured multi-sensory methods. This means utilizing as many senses as possible at a clip to do learning easier-looking, hearing, stating and making † ( Dyslexia Teaching Today often asked inquiries ) . Students with Dyslexia can profit enormously from the sensitiveness of the schoolroom instructors who implement some appropriate schemes without needfully incurring excess loads. â€Å" Low outlooks lead to limited attempt, high outlooks lead to defeat, a realistic assessment of each topic is hence indispensable † ( Christine Firman, 1998 as cited on the Malta Independent ) . The pedagogues are responsible to supply meaningful and actuating acquisition and should be cognizant of the pupils ‘ metacognition. Besides they must non overload pupils with inordinate information. Vygotsky believed that, â€Å" instructors should play an informative function invariably steering and fostering their students in order to better their attending span, concentration, and larning accomplishments, and so construct up their competency ( as cited on Collin et al.,2012, pg. 270 ) .DecisionDuring these last old ages at that place have been greater attempts to increase consciousness about dyslexia. However despite all this, stigma about this status is still rampant. Some pedagogues are still sceptic about dyslexia and this attitude is harming pupils and impacting their instruction development and ego regard. Students with dyslexia are still being labelled as stupid and lazy. This attitude is besides negatively encroaching on the whole construct of inclusion as it fails to supply the appropriate environment and support for all pupils to larn together. Tanti Burlo ‘ , ( 2010 ) notes that â€Å" it has become more and more apparent that the successful inclusion of a kid with disablement, and of all kids at that, depends on the acquisition environment the kids are immersed in † .Restrictions of the surveyFor this survey purpose observations at place and in the community could non be included due to serious household jobs. Had I been able to detect Joe outside school, it would hold given me greater penetration and information and findings would hold had more strength.

Comparative Words Lesson Plan

Use these guidelines to prepare a lesson plan to teach students of any age how to use comparative words and comparative clauses to express the concepts of more or less and greater or lesser. Objectives and Goals Instruct/review adjectives as a part of speechIntroduce students to words that end in -er and/or -estOffer students the chance to practice finding similar items and comparing them through the proper use of language Anticipatory Set​ Ask students what they know about -er and -est words, as well as the word than. Explain that -er adjectives are for comparing two things, while -est words are used to compare three or more things. For older students, introduce and use the terms comparative and superlative repeatedly and hold students accountable for knowing these terms. Direct Instruction Model turning common root adjectives into comparative and superlative adjectives (examples: funny, hot, happy, big, good, etc.)Brainstorm additional adjectives and practice (as a group) putting them into sentences (example: The sun is hotter than the moon. A baby is smaller than a teenager.) Guided Practice Depending on the age and abilities of your students, you can ask the students to write their own comparative and superlative sentences from scratch. Or, for younger students, you can design and copy a worksheet with cloze sentences and they can fill in the blanks or circle the correct suffix. For example: Fill in the Blanks: The ___________ is bigger than the ___________.Circle one: The big (er or est) animal in the zoo is an elephant. Another option is to have students look through the pages of their independent reading books and search for comparative and superlative adjectives. ​ Closure Offer sharing time for the students to read aloud the sentences they completed or composed. Reinforce the core concepts with discussion and question/answer time. ​ Independent Practice For homework, have students write a given number of comparative and/or superlative sentences based on things they find in their homes, books, neighborhood, or imaginations. ​ Required Materials and Equipment Worksheets if needed, paper, pencils, student reading books if needed. ​ Assessment and Follow-Up Check completed homework assignments for correct sentence structure and grammar. Re-teach as needed. Point our comparative and superlative words as they come up in class discussion and whole group reading.